Install and Set up

On Noteable

On Posit

Load libraries and files

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Grammar of Graphics

• A set of rules to facilitate data visualisation developed by Leland Wilkinson.
• It allows us to think of plot generation by following a step by step recipe (and like all good recipes, can be modified when needed).
• For a full overview, check out Hadley Wickham’s free textbook on using ggplot.
• For inspiration on more complex plots and advanced techniques, Cedric Sherer’s blog is full of great ideas!

Grammar of Graphics

The recipe of a nice tasty plot includes:

1. The data
2. Aesthetic Mapping
3. Geometric Objects and Statistical transformations
4. Scaling and Faceting
5. Themes

What does this mean?

• GGplot (grammar of graphics plot) has the grammar of graphics built into its structure.
• This allows us to build plots in layers.
• The plots start from the data, and build all the way up to the decorations.
• This provides us with a lot of control to get the plots exactly as we want them.

What does this mean?

## Selecting by n
## Joining with `by = join_by(Owner)`

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

Building our Plot

• Our first call is to use the function ggplot()
• By itself, it looks like this:

ggplot()

Data layer

• From there, we need to specify the data we need.
• We can feed in the data as it is.
• Or we can wrangle the data specifically for the visualisation.
• However, at this stage our plot is still blank.

Data Layer

# Regular data
ggplot(data = Whisky_data)

Adding our coordinates

• Our plots are empty as we’ve not told R what variables to use.
• Thankfully, the command is very simple, using the aes() command after specifying the data.
• Here we simply label our x and y coordinates.
• But as we will see, we still don’t have any visual ques in the plot itself.

Adding our coordinates

# Standard version
ggplot(data = Whisky_data,
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point)) # setting x and y

Graphic element of the plot

• Here we link the coordinates from our data to visual geometries.
• We use geoms (geometric functions) to decide how to shape the coordinates.
• This allows us to shape our plot with our determined coordinates.
• We can also apply statistical functions with the geoms.
• We can place multiple geom layers.
• The order of our layers is determined by the order we code.

Graphic element of the plot

# First Layer
ggplot(data = Whisky_data,
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point)) + # setting x and y 
  geom_half_boxplot()

# Second Layer
ggplot(data = Whisky_data,
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point))+
  geom_half_boxplot(size = .5, width = .2)+ # scaling size and width
  geom_half_violin(side = "r") #choosing right side for aesthetics

Adding statistical layers

• Here we can model visualise any model we’ve used in our analyses.
• This is a vital step for communicating our research.
• It’s also a fundamental step in validating our findings.
• R has so many options for visualising our models! From loess and linear models, to means and standard deviations.

Adding statistical layers

# Second Layer
ggplot(data = Whisky_data,
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point))+
  geom_half_boxplot(size = .5, width = .2)+ # scaling size and width
  geom_half_violin(side = "r") + #choosing right side for aesthetics
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se,
    color = "black", linewidth = 1.2, size = 1.2)+ # adjusting size
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
    color = "white", linewidth = .7, size = .7) # making smaller for a white centre

Scaling our plots

• This is closer, but we can see that our plots need some serious work.
• We have an influential outlier that’s causing havoc.
• We can also account for other influential variables (like like owners).
• We can focus our data for a clearer narrative.
• We can also tweak the coordinates.

Scaling our plots

Whisky_data %>% # 
  filter(category  == "Single Malt Scotch") %>% #filter to include only single malt
  count(Owner) %>% # counting Owner
  top_n(n = 2) %>% # so we get top 2 Owners by count
  left_join(Whisky_data) %>%  # joining back to data
ggplot(
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point))+
  geom_half_boxplot(size = .5, width = .2)+ 
  geom_half_violin(side = "r") +
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
    color = "black", linewidth = 1.2, size = 1.2)+
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se,
    color = "white", linewidth = .7, size = .7)

## Selecting by n
## Joining with `by = join_by(Owner)`

Scaling our plots

Whisky_data %>% # 
  filter(category  == "Single Malt Scotch") %>% 
  count(Owner) %>% 
  top_n(n = 2) %>% 
  left_join(Whisky_data) %>% 
ggplot(
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point, 
      fill = Region))+
  geom_half_boxplot(size = .5, width = .2)+ 
  geom_half_violin(side = "r") +
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
    color = "black", linewidth = 1, size = 1)+
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
    color = "white", linewidth = .6, size = .6) +
  facet_wrap(~reorder(Owner, -n), # faceting by Owner, ranking by descending n
    ncol = 1, # number of columns 
    scales = "free_y", #changed to "free_y" to drop unused labels
    strip.position = "bottom") + #label position +
  coord_flip() # flipping chart on its side

## Selecting by n
## Joining with `by = join_by(Owner)`

Setting themes and color schemes

• Some journals will require certain stylistic designs for your figures.
• This will include colour schemes, but also includes fonts and other design features.
• Thankfully ggplot allows us to control these aspects of the plot with full customisation options as well.
• Here we will inspire our colour scheme from The Scotch Whisky Experience tour material colour palate (and I use Power Point to get the colour hex codes).

Setting themes and color schemes

• Pre-made colour and theme options also exist:
• Journal color schemes
• Theme options
• Wes Anderson Color Scheme

Setting themes and color schemes

Decluttering our code

plot <- Whisky_data %>% 
  filter(category  == "Single Malt Scotch") %>% 
  count(Owner) %>% 
  top_n(n = 2) %>% 
  left_join(Whisky_data) %>% 
ggplot(
  aes(x = Region, y = review.point, fill = Region))+
  geom_half_boxplot(size = .5, width = .2)+ 
  geom_half_violin(side = "r") +
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
    color = "black", linewidth = 1, size = 1)+
  stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se,
    color = "white", linewidth = .6, size = .6) +
  facet_wrap(~reorder(Owner, -n), 
    ncol = 1, 
    scales = "free_y", 
    strip.position = "bottom") + 
  coord_flip()

## Selecting by n
## Joining with `by = join_by(Owner)`

plot

Setting themes and color schemes

plot +
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c(Speyside = "#6072A0", Lowland = "#C7AC59", Highland = "#6F3A7E", 
               Islay = "#A84046", Island = "#D40A9F", Campbeltown = "#3A8259" )) + #setting to discrete variables
  theme_bw() + # from ggthemes
  theme(strip.background = # play with facet label
    element_rect(fill="#EAF3FD",# facet label fill
    color = "black"), #facet label border
    legend.position = "bottom", # change legend position,
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = '#F9F9F9', colour = 'black'), # background and border
    panel.grid.major = element_blank(), # removing gridlines
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank()  # removing gridlines
        ) 

Setting themes and color schemes - font

#initialising fonts - 
## Uncomment and copy + paste, and run this step in console
## Its too slow and intensive to run through quatro/markdown itself
# library(extrafont) # library for fonts tools
# font_import() #gain access to additional fonts
# loadfonts(device = "win") #load fonts into R

Setting themes and color schemes: Font

better_plot <- plot +
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c(Speyside = "#6072A0", Lowland = "#C7AC59", Highland = "#6F3A7E", 
               Islay = "#A84046", Island = "#D40A9F", Campbeltown = "#3A8259" )) + 
  theme_bw() + 
  theme(strip.background = 
    element_rect(fill="#EAF3FD",
    color = "black"),
    legend.position = "bottom",
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = '#F9F9F9', colour = 'black'),
    panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    text= element_text( # command to control text
    size=16, #font size
    family="Comic Sans MS") #font style
        ) 

better_plot

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
## not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
## not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

Setting themes and color schemes - font

better_plot <- plot +
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c(Speyside = "#6072A0", Lowland = "#C7AC59", Highland = "#6F3A7E", 
               Islay = "#A84046", Island = "#D40A9F", Campbeltown = "#3A8259" )) + 
  theme_bw() + 
  theme(strip.background = 
    element_rect(fill="#EAF3FD",
    color = "black"),
    legend.position = "none", # dropping legend, as label is clear
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = '#F9F9F9', colour = 'black'),
    panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
    text= element_text( # command to control text
    size=16, #font size
    family="Franklin Gothic Medium", #font style
    face = "bold"), # choose bold/italics/default
        ) 

better_plot

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
## not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
## not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
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Labelling our plot

• Our plot is now almost ready to go!
• We just need to customise our labels.
• This helps make our plots more informative

Labelling our plot

fancy_plot<- better_plot +
  labs(
       x = "",
       y = "Review Scores",
       title = "Whisky Review Scores by Region from the Top 3 largest Producers")

fancy_plot

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_stringMetric, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label)): font family
## not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

Labelling our plot

fancy_plot

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

Bonus - Interactive plot

• Using the plotly package, we can make our plots interactive when in html format.
• This can be very useful for presenting our data to a live audience.
• It can also be useful for teaching purposes - to help students understand what our coefficients mean visually.
• Note that some features of the plot maybe lost, as plotly uses a slightly different structure to ggplot.
• Otherwise, it is very easy to convert our plot with the ggplotly() function

Bonus - Interactive plot

p <-  Whisky_data %>% # assigning our code to "plot object"
  filter(category  == "Single Malt Scotch")%>% 
  count(Owner) %>%
  top_n(n = 2) %>% 
  left_join(Whisky_data) %>%
  ggplot(
    aes(x = Region, y = review.point, fill = Region))+
      geom_boxplot()+ 
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c(Speyside = "#6072A0", Lowland = "#C7AC59", Highland = "#6F3A7E", 
               Islay = "#A84046", Island = "#D40A9F", Campbeltown = "#3A8259" )) +
    stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
      color = "black", linewidth = 1, size = 1)+
    stat_summary(fun.data = mean_se, 
      color = "white", linewidth = .6, size = .6) +
  facet_wrap(~reorder(Owner, -n) , 
      ncol = 1, 
      scales = "free_y", 
      strip.position = "bottom") + 
  coord_flip() + 
  theme_bw()+
  theme(strip.background = 
    element_rect(fill="#EAF3FD",
    color = "black",
    linewidth = .4),
    text= element_text( # command to control text
    size=16, #font size
    family="Franklin Gothic Medium", #font style
    face = "bold"), # choose bold/italics/default
    panel.background = element_rect(fill = '#F9F9F9', colour = 'black'),
    panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
    panel.grid.minor = element_blank()
        ) + 
  labs(x ="",
       y = "Online Review Scores",
       title = "Whisky Review Scores by Region from the Top 3 largest Producers")

## Selecting by n
## Joining with `by = join_by(Owner)`

p # ggplotly(p)

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call(C_textBounds, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, : font
## family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

## Warning in grid.Call.graphics(C_text, as.graphicsAnnot(x$label), x$x, x$y, :
## font family not found in Windows font database

Bonus - Interactive plot

ggplotly(p)

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

## Warning: 'box' objects don't have these attributes: 'mode'
## Valid attributes include:
## 'alignmentgroup', 'boxmean', 'boxpoints', 'customdata', 'customdatasrc', 'dx', 'dy', 'fillcolor', 'hoverinfo', 'hoverinfosrc', 'hoverlabel', 'hoveron', 'hovertemplate', 'hovertemplatesrc', 'hovertext', 'hovertextsrc', 'ids', 'idssrc', 'jitter', 'legendgroup', 'legendgrouptitle', 'legendrank', 'line', 'lowerfence', 'lowerfencesrc', 'marker', 'mean', 'meansrc', 'median', 'mediansrc', 'meta', 'metasrc', 'name', 'notched', 'notchspan', 'notchspansrc', 'notchwidth', 'offsetgroup', 'opacity', 'orientation', 'pointpos', 'q1', 'q1src', 'q3', 'q3src', 'quartilemethod', 'sd', 'sdsrc', 'selected', 'selectedpoints', 'showlegend', 'stream', 'text', 'textsrc', 'transforms', 'type', 'uid', 'uirevision', 'unselected', 'upperfence', 'upperfencesrc', 'visible', 'whiskerwidth', 'width', 'x', 'x0', 'xaxis', 'xcalendar', 'xhoverformat', 'xperiod', 'xperiod0', 'xperiodalignment', 'xsrc', 'y', 'y0', 'yaxis', 'ycalendar', 'yhoverformat', 'yperiod', 'yperiod0', 'yperiodalignment', 'ysrc', 'key', 'set', 'frame', 'transforms', '_isNestedKey', '_isSimpleKey', '_isGraticule', '_bbox'

# this is the code
# We had to comment it out, as plotly didnt play nicely.